Uione

      在发送电子邮件的时候，附件(如WINRAR压缩文件）过大将导致邮件无法发送或者接受方的邮件系统拒绝接收。在这种情况下，我们就需要将该附件分割成多个较小的附件。   实例演示   1、双击需要分割的WINRAR压缩文件，进入相应界面。如下图所示：   2、点击菜单栏上的“工具”，在弹出的下拉菜单中选择“转换压缩文件格式”，进入“转换压缩文件”界面。如下图所示：   3、点击“转换选项”后的“压缩”按钮，进入“设置默认压缩选项”界面，在左下边的“压缩分卷大小，字节（V）”处选择或者填入你希望的压缩分卷大小。如下图所示：   4、点击“确定”返回“转换压缩文件”界面，在该界面点击“确定”按钮，进入“正在转换压缩文件”界面。如下图所示：

在Red Hat Linux下，应用软件的安装包通常有两种格式： 1、 rpm包，如software-1.2.3-1.i386.rpm。它是Redhat Linux创造的一种包封装格式。 2、tar包，如software-1.2.3-1.tar.gz。它是使用UNIX系统的打包工具tar打包的。 而且，大多数Linux应用软件包的命名也有一定的规律，它遵循： 名称-版本-修正版-类型 例如 apache-1.2.3-1.i386.rpm 软件名称：apache 版本号：1.2.3 修正版本：1 可用平台：i386，适用于Intel 80x86平台 类型：rpm，说明是一个rpm包   根据Linux应用程序软件安装包中的内容不同可以分为 1、可执行文件..

首先看一看挂载介质的命令 mount ：mount [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir 参数说明： 1、-t vfstype：指定将要挂载介质的文件系统的类型，也可不用指定，不指定时，linux会自动选择正确的类型进行挂载。常见类型有： msdos      DOS或者fat16的文件系统 vfat        windows fat32文件系统 ntfs        windows NT ntfs文件系统 smbfs      windows文件网络共享 ext2,ext3  Linux用的文件系统..

If you think you are unhappy, look at them.如果你觉得你不快乐，看看他们。   If you think your salary is low, how about her?  如果你觉得你的收入低，那么她的呢？     If you think you don't have many friends.如果你觉得你沒有很多知心的朋友，看看他。   When you feel like giving up, think of this man.当你想要放弃的時候，想想照片中的这位先生。

    在进入Windows XP桌面之前，系统每次都会出现一个登录界面，要求我们输入用户名与密码，这样既加大了系统的安全性，也为多人共用一台电脑提供了方便。但如果是家用电脑，只有你一个人使用，这样每次输入密码，的确有点不大方便。我们可以通过修改注册表来实现XP的自动登录。            第1步：运行“regedit”，以打开“注册表管理器”；运行注册表编辑器，依次展开[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon ]分支，然后在右侧..

        在Office中，先建立两个文档：一个WORD包括所有文件共有内容的主文档（比如未填写的信封等）和一个包括变化信息的数据源EXCEL（填写的收件人、发件人、邮编等），然后使用邮件合并功能在主文档中插入变化的信息，合成后的文件用户可以保存为Word文档，可以打印出来，也可以以邮件形式发出去 。 　　 邮件合并的应用领域： 1、批量打印信封：按统一的格式，将电子表格中的邮编、收件人地址和收件人打印出来。 2、批量打印信件：主要是换从电子表格中调用收件人，换一下称呼，信件内容基..

以下这169家中央企业，隶属于国务院国资委，是中国级别最高的企业，享受国务院财政拨款。这些企业招聘门槛较高，很多只要一类学校毕业生。序号并非排名，除垄断行业公司外的其他公司待遇未必有一些知名外企高，但是只要你在这些企业呆过，你想跳槽的话竞争力肯定比一般公司出来的强得多。这些公司的管理者都具有行政级别（总经理是正厅级），如果在这些企业能够谋得一官半职，将会享受与同级别政府官员的待遇。

1 中国核工业集团公司
2 中国核工业建设集团公司
3 中国航天科技集团公司
4 中国航天科工集团公司
5 中国航空工业第一..

      美国《思想之林》杂志评出10个人类有史以来最伟大的国家。入选国家和入选理由如下:
      1.意大利。古代罗马创造了现在的“西方社会”，包括法律、文化和宗教。罗马帝国灭亡后，欧洲在黑暗中度过了1000年。后来，意大利通过文艺复兴，使欧洲重新焕发了活力。创造一个文明就已经够伟大的了，但意大利在1000年后又拯救了欧洲，这确实不同凡响！
            2.英国。英国是19世纪的工业大国和海洋大国，英国的贡献是..

      一家有名的大公司在媒体上刊登一则招聘广告，要聘一名办公室文员。应聘当天，闻讯前来应招的有100余名，公司人力资源部长准备借用笔试筛选一部分人再作决定，然而总经理却拒绝了如此繁琐的招聘手续，他吩咐人力资源部长传唤每一个人到他的办公室作现场应聘。           被人力资源部长传唤而去的一个个应聘者，他们不是夹着厚厚的简历表，就是怀抱一摞证书，甚至还有人怀惴着公司上层领导的朋友的介绍信。         &nbs..

姆贾拉法本托（巴基斯坦亚洲关系学院）：在这个亚洲和平最关键的一个年代中，作为同在亚洲的中国台湾地区，必须清楚与明白，自己的责任！在美国或者其他外来势力的资助下，试图独立出中国版图，与中国人民军队进行毫无意义的抵抗。
　　　
      这些都是最愚蠢的、无知的举动。在中国多年来的对外战争中，他选择的对手，无疑不是世界军事道路上的“顶尖高手”。无论是目前还健在的美国，还是那个已经分崩离析的前苏联，都与中国以武力进行过对抗。而他们的结局是可悲的。 

    ..

     当数条万条生命在惨烈的大地震中瞬间消失之时，当中国人民为汶川大地震遇难者举国悲哀之际，国务院于今日发布公告，决定5月19日至21日为全国哀悼日。在此期间，全国和驻外机构下半旗志哀，停止一切娱乐活动。5月19日14时28分，全国人民默哀三分钟，届时汽车、火车、舰船鸣笛，防空警报鸣响。
  
     在此之前，飘扬的国旗只在党和国家领导人逝世时降下，唯一能享受“降半旗志哀”殊荣的只有在南联盟被炸牺牲的三位记者。今天，当国务院的决定公布之后，悲痛万分..

       上周一，512汶川大地震强烈地撼动了我们的安宁生活。长这么大，第一次遭遇地震。一周以来，强烈余震时有来袭，弄得人心惶惶的。
 
    2:28分，同学们在学校的明德广场上为512汶川大地震的死难者默哀3分钟。是时，国旗降半旗、汽车鸣笛、防空警报响起，现场的气氛十分凝重！在那一刻，大家都屏住了呼吸，安静地为汶川大地震的死难者默哀。
 
    一想起上周一那场恐怖的大地震，心里就感到恐惧。地震发生时，我正坐在学校寝室里的电脑前，戴着耳塞..

      一天，一个盲人带着他的导盲犬过街时，一辆大卡车失去控制，直冲过来，盲人当场被撞死，他的导盲犬为了守卫主人，也一起惨死在车轮底下。
 
      主人和狗一起到了天堂门前。一个天使拦住他俩，为难地说：“对不起，现在天堂只剩下一个名额，你们两个中必须有一个去地狱。”
 
      主人一听，连忙问：“我的狗又不知道什么是天堂，什么是地狱，能不能让我来决定谁去天堂呢？”
 
      天使鄙视..

      OSPF采用由两层组成的分层结构，这要求所有的区域都与主干区域（区域0）直接相连。但是，当某个OSPF区域与OSPF主干区域（区域0）之间没有直接连接时，便会导致LSDB不一致以及该区域中的网络无法到达区域0。采用虚链路在该区域与主干区域之间建立起逻辑的连接，便可解决LSDB不一致以及该区域中的网络无法到达区域0的问题。
 
一、网络拓扑
 

 
二、具体配置
 
1、基本配置：
 
RA：
Router(config)#hostname RA
RA(config)#interface Loopback0
RA(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
RA(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
RA(config-if)#exit
RA(config)#interface Serial1/0
RA(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
RA(config-if)#no shutdown
RA(config-if)#exit
RA(config)#router ospf 10
RA(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
RA(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
RA(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
RA(config-router)#exit
 
RB：
Router(config)#hostname RB
RB(config)#interface Loopback0
RB(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
RB(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
RB(config-if)#exit
RB(config)#interface Serial1/0
RB(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0
RB(config-if)#no shutdown
RB(config-if)#exit
RB(config)#interface Serial1/1
RB(config-if)#ip address 10.10.20.1 255.255.255.0
RB(config-if)#no shutdown
RB(config-if)#exit
RB(config)#router ospf 20
RB(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
RB(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RB(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RB(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
RB(config-router)#exit
 
RC：
Router(config)#hostname RC
RC(config)#interface Loopback0
RC(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
RC(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
RC(config-if)#exit
RC(config)#interface Serial1/1
RC(config-if)#ip address 10.10.20.2 255.255.255.0
RC(config-if)#no shutdown
RC(config-if)#exit
RC(config)#router ospf 30
RC(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
RC(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
RC(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RC(config-router)#exit
 
2、查看RA的路由表：
 
RA#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 10.10.10.2, 00:00:07, Serial1/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.10.10.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
O IA    10.10.20.0 [110/128] via 10.10.10.2, 00:00:07, Serial1/0
 
可见，RA路由表中没有通往网络3.0.0.0/24的路由。因为网络3.0.0.0/24所在的区域没有和主干区域直接连接，需要采用虚链路在area 0 和 area 3 之间建立一条逻辑链路。
 
3、在区域边界路由器RB和RC上配置虚链路：
 
RB(config)#router ospf 20
RB(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
RB(config-router)#exit
 
RC(config)#router ospf 30
RC(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
RC(config-router)#exit
 
三、验证配置
 
1、查看RA的OSPF路由表：
 
RA#show ip route ospf
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 10.10.10.2, 00:03:18, Serial1/0
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    3.3.3.0 [110/129] via 10.10.10.2, 00:03:18, Serial1/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
O IA    10.10.20.0 [110/128] via 10.10.10.2, 00:03:18, Serial1/0
 
可见，RA已经学习到通往RC环回接口的路由。
 
2、查看虚链路的运行状况：
 
RB#show ip ospf virtual-link
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 3.3.3.3 is up  ----通往router 3.3.3.3的虚链路已开通。
  Run as demand circuit
  DoNotAge LSA allowed.
  Transit area 1, via interface Serial1/1, Cost of using 64
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,  ----点到点的连接。
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:01
    Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
    Index 2/3, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 1
    First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
    Last retransmission scan length is 1, maximum is 1
    Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec

RC#show ip ospf virtual-link
Virtual Link OSPF_VL1 to router 2.2.2.2 is up
  Run as demand circuit
  DoNotAge LSA allowed.
  Transit area 1, via interface Serial1/1, Cost of using 64
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:09
    Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
    Index 1/2, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0
    First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
    Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0
    Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
 
3、查看OSPF数据库：
 
RA#show ip ospf database
            OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 10)
                Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         684         0x80000009 0x00EA50 3
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         1110        0x80000006 0x00398C 3
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         2     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00E6BF 1
                Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
2.2.2.0         2.2.2.2         546         0x80000002 0x000D20
2.2.2.0         3.3.3.3         2     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x007376
3.3.3.0         3.3.3.3         2     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00CC5A
10.10.20.0      2.2.2.2         1047        0x80000003 0x00F3D6
10.10.20.0      3.3.3.3         2     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00D9EE
 
RB#show ip ospf database
            OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 20)
                Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         161         0x80000009 0x00EA50 3
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         585         0x80000006 0x00398C 3
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         1     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00E6BF 1
                Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
2.2.2.0         2.2.2.2         20          0x80000002 0x000D20
2.2.2.0         3.3.3.3         1     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x007376
3.3.3.0         3.3.3.3         1     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00CC5A
10.10.20.0      2.2.2.2         522         0x80000003 0x00F3D6
10.10.20.0      3.3.3.3         1     (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00D9EE
                Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         20          0x80000009 0x0052C4 3
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         429         0x80000008 0x00CF5A 2
                Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
1.1.1.0         2.2.2.2         25          0x80000002 0x00B33C
1.1.1.0         3.3.3.3         583         0x80000001 0x001A92
3.3.3.0         3.3.3.3         593         0x80000001 0x00CC5A
10.10.10.0      2.2.2.2         1284        0x80000003 0x006272
10.10.10.0      3.3.3.3         583         0x80000001 0x00CAC7
 
RC#show ip ospf database
            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 30)
                Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         1423  (DNA) 0x80000008 0x00EC4F 3
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         5     (DNA) 0x80000006 0x00398C 3
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         1183        0x80000001 0x00E6BF 1
                Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
2.2.2.0         2.2.2.2         1294  (DNA) 0x80000001 0x000F1F
2.2.2.0         3.3.3.3         1183        0x80000001 0x007376
3.3.3.0         3.3.3.3         1183        0x80000001 0x00CC5A
10.10.20.0      2.2.2.2         1967  (DNA) 0x80000002 0x00F5D5
10.10.20.0      3.3.3.3         1183        0x80000001 0x00D9EE
                Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         619         0x80000009 0x0052C4 3
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         1025        0x80000008 0x00CF5A 2
                Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
1.1.1.0         2.2.2.2         620         0x80000002 0x00B33C
1.1.1.0         3.3.3.3         1175        0x80000001 0x001A92
3.3.3.0         3.3.3.3         1186        0x80000001 0x00CC5A
10.10.10.0      2.2.2.2         1879        0x80000003 0x006272
10.10.10.0      3.3.3.3         1176        0x80000001 0x00CAC7
                Router Link States (Area 2)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         1186        0x80000005 0x0059B2 1
                Summary Net Link States (Area 2)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
1.1.1.0         3.3.3.3         1177        0x80000001 0x001A92
2.2.2.0         3.3.3.3         1188        0x80000001 0x007376
10.10.10.0      3.3.3.3         1178        0x80000001 0x00CAC7
10.10.20.0      3.3.3.3         1188        0x80000001 0x00D9EE
 
数据库中的DNA即是DoNotAge。
Link ID ：标志LSA。
ADV Router ：通告LSA的路由器。
Age ：最长寿命计数器，单位为秒。最长寿命为1小时（3600秒）。
Seq# ：LSA的序列号。初始值为0x80000001，每当LSA被更新时都加1.
Checksum ：LSA的校验和，确保LSA被可靠地接收。
Link Count ：直接连接的链路总数，只用于路由器LSA中，链路计数包括所有的点到点链路、中转链路和末节链路。除点到点串行链路导致计数增加2外，其他所有串行都导致计数增加1，每条以太网链路也导致计数增加1.
 
4、查看RB和RC到主干区域的逻辑连接状况：
 
RB#show ip ospf database router 3.3.3.3
            OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 20)
                Router Link States (Area 0)
  Adv Router is not-reachable
  LS age: 1 (DoNotAge)
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xE6BF
  Length: 36
  Area Border Router
  Number of Links: 1
    Link connected to: a Virtual Link  ----虚链路
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.10.20.2
      Number of TOS metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 64

RC#show ip ospf database router 2.2.2.2
            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 30)
                Router Link States (Area 0)
  Routing Bit Set on this LSA
  LS age: 5 (DoNotAge)
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 2.2.2.2
  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
  LS Seq Number: 80000006
  Checksum: 0x398C
  Length: 60
  Area Border Router
  Number of Links: 3
    Link connected to: a Virtual Link  ----虚链路
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 3.3.3.3
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.10.20.1
      Number of TOS metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 64

 [/img]..

1、Which statements are true regarding the significance of the access control list wildcard mask 0.0.0.7? (Choose two.)


• The first 29 bits of a given IP address will be ignored.
• The last 3 bits of a given IP address will be ignored.
• The first 32 bits of a given IP address will be checked.
• The first 29 bits of a given IP address will be checked.
• The last 3 bits of a given IP address will be checked.

2、Which of the following parameters can ACLs use to..

1、Which of the following describe how TCP adds reliability to communication? (Choose three.)


• Hosts using TCP set up virtual circuits at the beginning of the transmission using the three-way handshake.
• Hosts using TCP set the error-checking frequency at the beginning of the transmission and maintain this frequency for the duration of the data transfer.
• When a sending host does not receive an acknowledgment within a timed interval it retransmits data.
• The rec..

1、

After issuing the command traceroute 192.168.4.2 from Router A, the following information is returned
Tracing the route to Router_D (192.168.4.2)

1 Router_B (192.168.2.2) 16 msec 16 msec 16 msec
2 * * *
3 * * *
 
What can be concluded about the network shown in the graphic based on the output given?


• Network 192.168.5.0 is missing from the routing table on Router
• There is a problem with the connection between Router B and Router C.
• Router C is not running CDP.
• Some of the routers are non-Cisco devices.
• Router B was not able to return ICMP TEMs to Router A
 
2、Which of the following would be the default administrative distance of a static IP route that references the IP address of the next hop?

• 0
• 1
• 5
• 20
 
3、After issuing the show interfaces command, a technician notices the line "Serial1 is down, line protocol is down" in the output. Which of the following are possible reasons for this message output? (Choose three.)
 
• There is a mismatch in the encapsulation type on both ends of the link.
• A Layer 1 issue exists.
• An interface problem exists.
• The clockrate was not set during configuration.
• There is no usable media for the protocol.
• Keepalive messages are not being sent.

4、Which three correctly pair a routing metric with its description? (Choose three.)


• hop count - the number of routers traversed to reach a destination
• bandwidth - the amount of time it takes a packet to travel a link
• load - the amount of activity on a link
• delay - the link speed
• reliability - the error rate on a link
 
5、

When issuing the show interfaces serial1 command, a network administrator receives the output shown in the graphic. What are the possible causes of an increase in the number of input errors? (Choose three.)


• There could be Layer 3 addressing problems.
• There could be a problem with faulty telephone equipment.
• The router hardware could be defective.
• There is an incorrectly configured encapsulation on the interface.
• There could be a problem with the cabling.

6、Which ICMP message type notifies source hosts that a receiving host or network is not available?


• time exceeded
• redirect
• destination unreachable
• source quench
• parameter problem
• echo reply

7、The show interfaces command provides line and protocol status information. Which of the following conditions would never occur in the output of this command?


• serial1 is up, line protocol is up
• serial1 is up, line protocol is down
• serial1 is down, line protocol is down
• serial1 is down, line protocol is up
• serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down

8、

The network administrator shown in the exhibit can ping the E0 interface of the HAR router, but the telnet intranet.xyz.com command issued from the administrator's workstation fails to open a session with the intranet.xyz.com server. What are two possible causes of this problem? (Choose two.)


• upper-layer application problems
• domain name system problems
• IP addressing problems on the HAR router
• clock rate problems on the HAR router serial interface
• ICMP connectivity problems
 
9、The network administrator is using a PC to access a router via the router console port. Both the PC and the router are powered on and a cable has been connected between them. However, a session cannot be established. Which steps might fix this problem? (Choose two.)

• Verify the cable is properly connected at each end.
• Reseat the network card in the PC.
• Verify the cable is the correct type.
• Verify that a password has been set on the console line.
• Check the transceiver for link lights.
• Reseat the console card on the router
 
10、Which command will display routing table information about all known networks and subnetworks?


• Router# show ip interfaces
• Router# show ip connections
• Router# show ip route
• Router# show ip networks

11、A network technician has discovered that a router in the network can no longer be reached. The technician attempts to verify Layer 1 functionality, but is unable to physically inspect the cables. Which command can be used to determine the type of cable connected to the router?


• Router# show interfaces
• Router# show controllers serial
• Router# show ip route
• Router# show ip protocol
• Router# show version
• Router# show running-config

12、During the lookup process when forwarding a packet, a router checks its routing table for the best path to the destination. If a route has an administrative distance of 0, what does this indicate to the router?


• The packet should be discarded.
• The destination is unreachable.
• The destination is a directly connected network.
• The source of the update for that route is unreliable.

13、Which command will verify the functionality of all seven layers of the OSI model on a network host?


• ping
• debug
• telnet
• traceroute
 
14、

1、How does a source host use ICMP to confirm that a destination host is reachable?


• The source host sends an ICMP echo request to the destination router which responds with an ICMP echo reply confirming the reachability of the destination host.
• The source host sends a data packet and receives an ICMP host unreachable packet from the destination host if the data packet cannot be delivered.
• The source host sends an ICMP packet with a TTL value of 1 and receives an ICM..

1、Which command or set of commands will stop the RIP routing process?


RouterB(config)# router rip
RouterB(config-router)# shutdown


RouterB(config)# router rip
RouterB(config-router)# network no 192.168.2.0


RouterB(config)# no router rip


RouterB(config)# router no rip

2、When does a distance vector routing protocol set a hold-down timer on a route?


• when the metric value of the route decreases
• when the route is marked as inaccessible
• when the metric valu..

一、场景设置
 

 
二、具体实现
 
首先，将所有的PC配置在192.168.10.0/24这个网络，并测试连通性：
PC1----192.168.10.2
PC2----192.168.10.3
PC3----192.168.10.4
PC4----192.168.10.5
 
PC1àPC2
C:>ping 192.168.10.3
Pinging 192.168.10.3 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.3:     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
     Minimum = 50ms, Maximum =  60ms, Average =  55ms
 
PC1àPC3
C:>ping 192.168.10.4
Pinging 192.168.10.4 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Reply from 192.168.10.4: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.4: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.4: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.4: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.4: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.4:     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
     Minimum = 50ms, Maximum =  60ms, Average =  55ms
 
PC1àPC4
C:>ping 192.168.10.5
Pinging 192.168.10.5 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Reply from 192.168.10.5: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.5: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.5: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.5: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.5: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.5:     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
     Minimum = 50ms, Maximum =  60ms, Average =  55ms
由此可见，网络连接正常。
 
然后，在交换机上配置Vlan：
Switch>enable
Switch#vlan database
Switch(vlan)#vlan 2 name Vlan2
VLAN 2 added:
    Name:Vlan2
Switch(vlan)#vlan 3 name Vlan3
VLAN 3 added:
    Name:Vlan3
Switch(vlan)#exit
APPLY completed.
Exiting....
 
接下来，将PC1和PC2加入到Vlan2、PC3和PC4加入到Vlan3：
 
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname Switch1
Switch1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Switch1(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/2           
Switch1(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/3
Switch1(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/4
Switch1(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3      
Switch1(config-if)#exit
 
验证：
PC1àPC2
C:>ping 192.168.10.3
Pinging 192.168.10.3 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 192.168.10.3: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.3:     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
     Minimum = 50ms, Maximum =  60ms, Average =  55ms
 
PC1àPC3
C:>ping 192.168.10.4
Pinging 192.168.10.4 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.4:
     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 0, Lost = 5 (100% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
     Minimum = 0ms, Maximum =  0ms, Average =  0ms
 
PC1àPC4
C:>ping 192.168.10.5
Pinging 192.168.10.5 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.5:
     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 0, Lost = 5 (100% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
     Minimum = 0ms, Maximum =  0ms, Average =  0ms
由此可见，PC1可以ping通PC2,不能ping通PC3和PC4。因为PC1和PC2属于同一个vlan,PC1和PC3、PC4之间属于两个不同的vlan。
 
 [/img]..